Does anyone have any information on the scholars' headdress and the meaning of these strange stems of at least 50 centimeters on each side of the head and more broadly information on clothing ?

In the series we are in the Song dynasty period. The hat the scholars are wearing are called Futou!

Futou gradually first appeared in the Tang dynasty (previous to Song) and then Futou became a common accessory during the Song Dynasty, although most of them had less cumbersome extensions—more feet than wings.  People of all classes wore these hats, and there were five styles that individuals donned, according to their status or for various occasions.

The shape of the wings indicated the wearer’s rank and the longest were reserved for the emperor and other high-ranking officials. 

Here's another fun fact I thought I'd share regarding these hats:

"The futou worn by the Song dynasty officials had an extended reclined feet; it was developed by having two hard ribbons made out with iron wire or bamboo strips attached at the back of the futou. According to the Pedantic Remarks of the Confucians by Yu Yan, this form of futou might have been d eveloped to prevent the officials from whispering to each other during court audience with the Emperor."

Credit: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futou (emphasis added)

 themarchioness:

Here's another fun fact I thought I'd share regarding these hats:

"The futou worn by the Song dynasty officials had an extended reclined feet; it was developed by having two hard ribbons made out with iron wire or bamboo strips attached at the back of the futou. According to the Pedantic Remarks of the Confucians by Yu Yan, this form of futou might have been d eveloped to prevent the officials from whispering to each other during court audience with the Emperor."

Credit: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futou (emphasis added)

Lmaoo this is so funny actually haha Thanks for sharing!! 

OMG so interesting !! Love it ! Thank you so much Alice_01 and the marchioness 👍👍 I love learning this kind of ancient custom ❤️

 themarchioness:

Here's another fun fact I thought I'd share regarding these hats:

"The futou worn by the Song dynasty officials had an extended reclined feet; it was developed by having two hard ribbons made out with iron wire or bamboo strips attached at the back of the futou. According to the Pedantic Remarks of the Confucians by Yu Yan, this form of futou might have been d eveloped to prevent the officials from whispering to each other during court audience with the Emperor."

Credit: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futou (emphasis added)

That makes so much sense.! Thanks! I often wondered why …but just ignored it.